There are two types of memory frequently experienced by individuals who have had overwhelming trauma that has been suppressed psychologically or chemically. The first is general memory, experienced as an adult, in which there is...

The unique stigma of PTSD. The stigma of PTSD remains one of the most formidable barriers to effective care.

Traumatic events, by definition, overwhelm our ability to cope. When the mind becomes flooded with emotion, a circuit breaker is thrown that allows us to survive the experience fairly intact, that is, without becoming psychotic...

Traumas produce their disintegrating effects in proportion to their intensity, duration and repetition. (1909)