Depletion has occurred mainly over the last two decades.

The reason why total column ozone is so important is because it’s the single significant factor that determines how much UV radiation gets through the atmosphere, meaning it’s the most important factor for humans and...

We will have to continue to monitor ozone levels for years to come before we can be confident.

We should expect to be able to detect recovery in most regions of the world within the next 15 to 45 years. That’s based on full compliance with the Montreal Protocol and its amendments and...

We can’t really expect much of an improvement in the UV levels reaching the biosphere until we can detect an increase in total column ozone.